Demonstration of Reflection, Refraction and TIR using light source with a slit

Reflection of light using a mirror

Refraction of light using various shaped optical mediums

Total Internal Reflection (TIR) using a semi-circular perspex

For Total Internal Reflection (TIR) to occur:

1) angle of incidence i is greater than the critical angle c

2) the light is travelling from an optically denser medium towards a less dense medium